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Prepared 


FOR 


the International Exhibition, 1876. 










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WORCESTER COUNTY FEEE INSTITUTE . 



OF 



INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE, 

WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS. 



BOARD OF TRUSTEES. 



Hon. STEPHEN SALISBURY, LL. D., President. 

Hon. D. WALDO LINCOLN, Secretary. 

DAVID WHITCOMB, Esq., Treasurer. 

Rev. SETH SWEETSER, D. D. 
Hon. GEORGE F. HOAR, LL. D. 
CHARLES H. MORGAN, Esq. 
PHILIP L. MOEN, Esq. 
Rey. EDWARD H. HALL. 
Hon. LUCIUS J. KNOWLES. 
Rev. B. D. MARSHALL, D. dT 



ON THE PART OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION, 

Hon. WILLIAM W. RICE. 



His Honor, Mayor CLARK JILLSON. 






INSTRUCTORS. 



CHARLES O. THOMPSON, A. M., 

Principal aud Professor of Chemistry. 



GEORGE I. ALDEN, B. S., 

Professor of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. 

GEORGE E. GLADWIN, 

Professor of Drawing. 



JOHN E. SINCLAIR, A. M., 

'rofessor of Higher Mathematics and Civil Engineering. 



ALONZO S. KIMBALL, A. M. 3 

Professor of Physics. 



EDWARD P. SMITH, A. M., 

Professor of Modern Languages. 

THOMAS E. N. EATON, A. M., 

Junior Professor of Mathematics. 



ENOS H. BIGELOW, B. S., 

Tutor in Languages, 



SUPERINTENDENT OP MACHINE SHOP, 

MILTON P. HIGGINS, B. S. 

LECTURER IN GEOLOGY, 

THOMAS STERRY HUNT, LL. D. 

ASSISTANT IN CHEMISTRY, 

WALTER U. BARNES, B. S. 

INSTRUCTOR IN FIELD "WORE AND TOPOGRAPHY, 

GEORGE H. WHITE. 



WORCESTER FREE INSTITUTE. 



This Technical School was chartered by the Legislature 
of Massachusetts, May 10, 1865, and opened for the recep- 
tion of students in Nov., 1868. It is authorized to hold 
property to the amount of one million dollars. The city 
of Worcester, Mass., where it is located, contains 50,000 
inhabitants, who are largely engaged in iron and wood man- 
ufactures, and characterized by unusual intelligence, sobriety 
and thrift. A great variety of work, impossible in any 
single shop, is available through the liberality of the pro- 
prietors of Worcester shops, for the ampler instruction of 
the Students of the Institute. 

The institution arose from a conviction on the part of 
its founders that there is need of a system of training boys 
for the duties of an active life which is broader and brighter 
than the popular method of "learning a trade," and more 
simple and direct than the so-called "liberal education." 
That is, boys must have a good education based on the 
mathematics and the physical sciences, and know enough ot 
some art or trade to enable them to earn a living when they 
leave school. It is clear that institutions in which this result 
is reached must be essentially new, and that the plan of in- 
struction must involve some manual labor. 

It is the un doubting opinion of the managers of the Insti- 
tute, and of all who have watched its operation, that the con- 
nection of academic culture and the practical application of 
science is advantageous to both, in a school where these 
objects are started together and carried on with harmony 
and equal prominence. The academy inspires its intelli- 
gence into the work of the shop, and the shop, with eyes 



open to the improvements of productive industries, prevents 
the monastic dreams and shortness of vision that sometimes 
paralyze the profound learning of a college. And it is also 
believed that a school of practical application of science can- 
not have the greatest success where it is appended to and 
overshadowed by an established and well-provided institu- 
tion, whose work is limited to the exercise and the attain- 
ments of the intellect- 

Foundation. 

The School was founded by John Boynton, Esq., of Tem- 
pleton, by a gift of $127,000. The late Hon. Ichabod 
Washburn established the Machine Shop and otherwise en- 
larged the resources of the Institute to a total amount of 
$130,000. Further endowments by Hon. Stephen Salisbury 
of $250,000, and the State of Massachusetts of $50,000, 
increase the available annual income to $25,000. 

By the terms of the gift of Mr. Boynton, the School is free 
to all citizens of the County of Worcester ; and, by the con- 
ditions of the State grant and the gift of Hon. George F. 
Hoar, twenty-three students, residents of the State of Mas- 
sachusetts but not of the County of Worcester, may receive 
free tuition. Residents of any other place may be admitted 
upon payment of a tuition fee of one hundred dollars per 
annum. 

Object in Yiew. 

This Institute offers facilities, equal to the best in this 
country, for acquiring theoretical and practical knowledge 
of Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemistry, 
Physics, Modern Languages, and Drawing. Special promi- 
nence is given to the element of practice, since it is be- 
lieved that Mechanics, Civil Engineers, and other technical 
students, can be best trained by combining with their class- 
room drill, weekly practice in the field of their prospective 
callings. 

Course of Study. 

The course of study extends through three and a-half 
years for mechanics, and three years for all others. 



G 

Thorough instruction is given, to all students, by recita- 
tions and lectures, in mathematics, theoretical and applied 
mechanics, the English, French and German languages, the 
physical sciences, and drawing. In addition to this, for ten 
hours a week, for ten months and eight hours a day for the 
month of July, practice is required of the students according 
to the respective departments of their choice, viz: the me- 
chanics in the Washburn Machine Shop ; the Civil Engineers 
in the field and in the Drawing-room ; the Chemists in the 
Laboratory ; the Designers in the Drawing-room. 

The mechanics devote part of their practice time to the 
construction of Working-Drawings of machines used and 
manufactured in the shop, and to calculating their efficiency ; 
so that the course prepares Mechanical Engineers who have 
a practical familiarity with tools and machinery. 

Facilities. 
Able instructors devote themselves assiduously to the 
specific work of instruction, and are accessible at all times to 
the students. Ample buildings, apparatus and books are 
provided, and an increasing number of graduates, who are 
leading useful and successful lives, contribute the benefit of 
their experience to the management of the School. 

Grounds and Buildings. 

The grounds of the Institute cover nearly seven acres in 
an elevated and attractive locality. Two buildings have 
been erected — Boy n ton Hall and the Washburn Machine 
Shop. 

Boynton Hall, named in honor of the founder of the In- 
stitute, is a three-story granite building, one hundred and 
forty-six feet long by sixty-one feet wide, built by citizens 
of Worcester, at an expense of about $67,000, and devoted to 
recitations, lectures, and the general exercises of the 
Institution. 

The Washburn Machine Shop is a three- story brick build- 
ing, one hundred feet long by forty feet wide, with a wing 
sixty-five by forty feet, for engine, boilers, and blacksmith 
shop. The first floor is fully equipped for the manufacture 



of machinists' tools, the second floor for wood-work, and 
the third for general purposes. It is part of the gift of 
Hon. Ichabod Washburn. The machinists' tools and other 
products of the shop are sold in market, and are in 
considerable demand. 

Books and Apparatus. 

Text books and books of reference are found at the Insti- 
tute. For general reading the students have access to the 
Worcester Free Public Library of thirty thousand volumes. 

The Institute is supplied with all the usual chemical and 
physical apparatus essential to successful instruction in the 
physical sciences. Certain special pieces are manufactured 
for purposes of instruction at the Washburn Machine Shop ; 
e. g. The Willis Apparatus for illustrating the principles of 
elementary mechanism ; C. H. Morgan's Machine for illus- 
trating Cam Motion, and a model exhibiting the link and 
valve motion of the locomotive engine. The chemical and 
physical laboratories afford abundant opportunities for 
practice. 

Degrees. 

The Institute confers the degree of Bachelor of Science, 
in course, upon all full graduates, and promises recognition 
of professional success in an honorary degree. 

Board and Expenses. 
Students board in private families. The annual expenses 
of a free student need not exceed three hundred dollars. 

Conditions of Admission; 
Candidates for admission should be sixteen years of age, 
and are examined in the common English branches, and in 
algebra to quadratic equations. 

Division of the Year. 

The school year begins on the second Tuesday of Septem- 
ber, and closes on the last Friday of July. It is divided 
into two half-years of twenty-one weeks each. 

Catalogues giving full particulars are furnished, on appli- 
cation to Prof. C. O. Thompson, Worcester, Mass. 



GRADUATES. 



The following statement, corrected to October 30, 1875, shows the 
occupations of the Graduates of the Institute. 

BACHELORS OF SCIENCE. 
CLASS OF 1871. 



NAME. 

Henry P. Armsby, 
Everett J. Bard well, 
Frederick W. Bateman, 
William R. Billings, 
Walter L. Chaloner, 
Edward K. Hill, 
Robert E. Holgate, 
Elmer P. Howe, 
Samuel S. Jennison, 
William A. Nelson, 
George H. Nichols, 

George A. Thompson, 

Edward F. Tolman, 

Edwin H. Whitney, 
Frank 0. Whitney, 



home. 
Millbury, 



present occupation. 



Student in Chemistry, 

Leipsic, Germany, 
Worcester, Draughtsman, 

Norcross Bros., Worcester. 
Still River, Civil Engineer, 

Manchester and Keene R. R., N. H. 
Worcester, Journeyman, 

Mason Machine Co., Taunton. 
Worcester, Lithographer, 

Dubois & Co., Fall River. 
No. Brookfield, Hill & Tolman, 

Mech. Engineers, Worcester. 
Fitchburg, Journeyman, 

Putnam Machine Co., Fitchburg. 
Worcester, Class of 1876, Yale College, 

Hon. Com'r from Mass. to Vienna Exposition. 
E. Terapleton, Manufacturer of Dies, 

E. Templeton. 
Sterling, Journeyman, 

Elgin Co., Chicago, 111. 
Oxford, Civil Engineer, 

Assist, to Consulting Eng., Penn. 
Cent. R. R. 
Worcester, Civil Engineer, 

Erie Railroad, Hornellsville, N. Y. 
Worcester, Draughtsman, 

Centennial Commission, Philadelphia. 
Harvard. 
Fitchburg, Civil Engineer, 

City Office, Boston, Mass. 



9 



CLASS OF 1872. 



NAME. 

Frank Abobn, 

Parkman T. Denny, 
Solon P. Davis, 



Harding Jenkins, 
Samuel E. Mann, 

Jonathan Moore, 

George H. Palmer, 

John T. Quinn, 

Herbert S. Rice, 

O. Willis Rugg, 
George H. Scott, 

Kirtland M. Smith, 

Melvin B. Smith, 
Edward R. White, 
Arthur W. Woods, 



HOME. PRESENT OCCUPATION. 

Worcester, Sup't of Drawing, 

Public Schools, Cleveland, 0. 
Leicester. 
Holden, 



Simpson C. Heald, Jr., Worcester 



Barre. 

No. Brookfield, 



Teacher of Drawing, 
Public Schools, Hartford, Conn. 
Civil Engineer, 
With Phinehas Ball, Water Works, 

Springfield. 



Holden, 

Worcester, 

Worcester, 



Teacher of Drawing, 

Middletown, Conn. 
Civil Engineer, 

Holden. 



Civil Engineer, 
City Office, Worcester. 
Journeyman, 
Washburn & Moen M'f'g Co., Worcester. 
Barre, Teacher of Chemistry and Drawing, 

Public Schools, Lawrence, Mass. 
Sterling. 
Amherst, Journeyman, 

Washburn Mach. Shop, Worcester. 
Worcester, Civil Engineer, 

Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Co., 
Lansford, Pa. 
Worcester, Civil Eugineer, 

City Office, Lowell. 
Earnumsville, Civil Engineer, 

Grafton Center R. R., Grafton. 
Leominster, Civil Engineer, Worcester. 



CLASS OF 1873. 



NAME. 

Arthur C. Aldrich, 
Edwin C. Cleaves, 

Fred H. Daniels, 



Fred I. Drown, 
George H. Fowler, 

Willard T. Hatch, 



HOME. PRESENT OCCUPATION. 

Worcester, Carpenter, Worcester. 

Fitchburg, Ass't Professor of Drawing, 

Cornell University. 

Worcester, Ass'l in Laboratory and Special 

Student in Mining, Lafayette College, 

Easton, Pa. 

Blackstone. 

Barre, Draughtsman, 

Providence Tool Co., Providence, R. I. 
Hanover, Draughtsman, 

Indianapolis, Iud. 



10 



John \V. KENDRICK, 



Worcester, Civil Eugineer, 

Manchester and Keene K. R., N. II. 
West Boylston, Civil Engineer, Omaha, Neb. 

Worcester, Journey man, 

With L. J. Knowles & Bro., Worcester. 
Worcester, Draughtsman, 

Atlas Works, Indianapolis, Inch 
Worcester, Teacher of Drawing, 

Public Schools, Worcester. 
Worcester, Civil Engineer, 

Portland Water Works, Portland, Me. 
Fitchburg. 
Webster, Teacher of Drawing, 

No. Adams. 
Fitchburg, Draughtsman, 

Simonds M'f'g Co., Fitchburg. 
Edward F. Tourtellot, Worcester. 
Frank A. Waite, Oakdale, Bookkeeper, 

For J. E. Waite, West Brookfield. 
Walter M. Wheelock, Mendon, Teacher, Blackstone. 



Alfred Lovell, 

Wallace Metcalf, 

Arthur M. Morse, 

Lucius B. Morgan, 

John P. K. Otis, 

James H. Patton, 
Russell S. Pennlman, 

Edwin F. Simonds, 



CLASS OF 1874. 



name. 
Frank E. Appleton, 



home. present occupation. 

Reading, Draughtsman, 

Bowditch & Copeland, Boston. 
Fitchburg, Special Student in Science, 

Harvard University. 
Dudley. 
Worcester. 
Clarence A. Chandler, E. Bridgevvater, Howe & Chandler, 

Mech. Engineers, Boston. 
U. Waldo Cutler, Holliston. 

Henry S. Howe, Worcester, 



William H. Bailey, 

Halsey H. Barnes, 
William C. Boyce, 



Charles S. Joslin, 



Henry L. Kinsley, Worcester. 

Samuel H. Leonard, Jr., W. Newton, 



Edward H. Lincoln, 
Warren S. Locke, 



Howe & Chandler, 
Mech. Engineers, Boston. 
Webster, With B. W. Dows & Co., 

Lowell. 

Draughtsman, 
Nat. Bridge Co., Boston. 
Lancaster, Civil Engineer, 

Boulder City, Col. 
Lancaster, Journeyman, 

J. B. Parker & Co., Clinton. 



Edwin P. Painter, 
Herbert J. Russell 
Charles F. Smith, 



Worcester. 
Worcester. 

Barre, Asst. Engineer, 

Geneva and Hornellsville R. R., Naples, N. Y. 
Clarence A. Strange, Bangor, Asst. Eugineer, 

U. S. Navy. 
T. Edward Wilder, Lancaster, Bookkeeper, 

Walker, Oakley & Co., Chicago. 



11 

CLASS OP 1875. 



NAME. 

Walter U. Barnes, 

Enos H. Bigelow, 

John F. Brown, 

Lucien R. Burleigh, 
Charles C. Chandler, 
Leroy Cook, 

Charles E. Davis, 
Herbert B. Knight, 

J. Edward Lynds, 
Edwin C Mawhinney, 

Area F. Pierce, 

John H. Rice, 
George H. Scott, 
William H. Stone, 
Charles G. Stratton, 

Harry B. Tyler, 
Charles G. Washburn, 
Charles F. White, 



home. 

Westboro, 

Framingham, 
Fitchburg, 



present occupation. 

Asst. in Chemistry, 
Worcester Free Institute. 
Tutor in Language, 

Worcester Free Institute. 
Journeyman, 

Fitchburg. 



With C. H. Brown & Co 
Worcester. 
Westboro. 
Worcester, 



Holden. 
Worcester, 

Sterling. 
Worcester, 



Journeyman, 
Winslow Skate Co., Worcester. 

Agent Garland Gas Burner 

For State of New Jersey. 



Special Student in Mechanics, 
Stevens Institute of Technology. 

Worcester, Agent Garland Gas Burner 

For State of New Jersey. 

So. Lancaster. 

Northb ridge. 

E. Greenwich, R. I. 

Worcester, Civil Engineer, 

Springfield Water Works, Mass. 

Worcester. 

Worcester. 

Brookline, 



Charles G. Whitney, Harvard, 



Special Student in Mechanics, 
Stevens Institute of Technology. 
Master High School, 

Stowe, Mass. 



PARTIAL COURSE. 



1871. 



NAME. 

F. Walter Hamilton, 



Walter A. Brown, 



Daniel P. Wright, 



HOME. 



PRESENT OCCUPATION. 



Worcester, Civil Engineer, 

In charge of Des Moines River Bridge, 

Keokuk, Iowa. 
1872. 
Princeton, Teacher Chemistry and English, 
French Institute, Fort Washington, 
N. Y. City. 
Washington, D. C, Draughtsman, 

Erie R. R., Jersey City, N. J. 



12 



Frank M. Clark, 
Frank H. Goddard, 



1873. 
Sandwich, N. H., 

Barre. 



Manufacturer, 

Sandwich, N. H. 



Charles Parkhurst, 
John D. Curtis, 



NON-GRADUATE MEMBERS. 

1871. 
Templeton, Mass. 
Worcester, Draughtsman, 

Centennial Commission, Philadelphia. 



J. Langford Slocum, 
Frank Stone, 



1872. 
Providence, K. I. 

Worcester. 



Draughtsman, 

Providence, R. I. 



STATISTICAL INFORMATION. 



The County of Worcester, where the Institute is located, 
has of the population of the United States . .005 per cent. 
Of all Inventious made in the United States, .012 u " 
Of the population of New England, ... .06 " u 
Of the Inventions of " " ... .06 " " 



Length of Course for Mechanics, 3^ years. 

" " " " Others, 3 

Per cent, of Term Examinations required for 
Graduation,* 60 



Number of Professors, 8 

" " Tutors, 1 

" " Assistants, 2 

" " Lecturers, 1 12 

Number of Students. 

Seniors, 25 

Middlers, 30 

Juniors, 36 

Apprentices, 14 105 



Per Cent, of Attendance, 97 

* For Term Examinations consult Examination Books. 



2 

Number of Classes Graduated, including class 

of 1876, 6 

Average number of Graduates, 18 

u " " Members of each Class,. . 46 

Per cent, of Graduates, 39.1 

Average age of Graduates, 20.4 



Weeks in School Year, including Examinations, 42 

Total Weeks in Three Years Course, 126 

Square feet of Floor Space in the two Build- 
ings, 42.934 



Average Annual Income from Funds, $23,500 

u " " Tuition, 1,500 

Annual Expenditure, $25,000 

Annual Expense of Shop in excess of Profits 

on Manufactures, $3,000 



COMMENCEMENT. 

At the Annual Commencement a thesis is read in public 
by each member of the graduating class, and an illustrative 
drawing is presented. 

Addresses have also been made by the following gentle- 
men : 

In 1871, Prof. Wm. P. Trowbridge. 

1872, Kev. A. P. Peabody, D. D. 

1873, Hon. Emory Washburn, L.L. D. 

1874, Prof. Josiah P. Cook. 

1875, Key. Thomas Hill, D. D. 



CONTRIBUTIONS TO TECHNICAL LITERATURE, 

BY INSTRUCTORS IN THE WORCESTER FREE INSTITUTE. 

1868—1876. 



Letters to Board of Education on Industrial and Mechanical Drawing, 
in response to their Circular of Inquiry. — Printed in 1870, by order 
of the Legislature of Massachusetts. 

C. O. Thompson and G. E. Gladwin. 

Industrial Drawing. — Paper read at the Meeting of the Education 
Section of the Social Science Association, Boston, Jan. 2d, 1871. 
— Published by Mass. Board of Education. 

Manual Labor and the Use of Tools. — Article in Barnard's American 
Journal of Education. 1871. 

Keport of Examiuation of Mud in Miller's River Basin, near Cambridge, 
Mass. — Published in Report of Phinehas Ball. 1872. 

Scope and Method of Physical Science in the Common School.— Paper 
read at the Annual Meeting of the National Association of Teachers, 
Boston, August, 1872. — Published in Proceedings for 1872. 

C. O. Thompson. 

Complete Analysis of Water Proposed for Use in the City of Springfield, 
Mass., with Report on same. — Reports of Water Board, 1873. 

A. S. Kimball. 

Economy in Gas Lighting, with three Tables of Results of Experiments. 
Worcester Spy, Nov. 10, 1874. A. S. Kimball. 

A Study of the Quantitative Effect of Temperature in the reaction of 
Oxalic Acid upon Potassic Permanganate. — American Chemist, 
April, 1875. Mary F. Reed. 

Gas from Gasoline. — American Chemist, July, 1875. 

C. O. Thompson. 

Sliding Friction on an Inclined Plane. — American Journal of Science 
and Arts, March, 1876. A. S. Kimball. 

Analysis of Drink- Water from City of Springfield, Mass., with Report. — 
Report of Water Board, 1876. C. O. Thompson. 



WORCESTER FREE INSTITUTE. 



MANUFACTURES 



OF THE 



WASHBURN MACHINE SHOP 



AT THE 



WASHBURN MACHINE SHOP, 

CONNECTED WITH THE WORCESTER FREE INSTITUTE, ARE 
MANUFACTURED FOR SALE 

MACHINISTS' TOOLS, 

Engine and Speed Zathes, with Hardened Steel 

"Hearings, devolving Mead Screw Machines, 

Hardened Steel Mandrils, Chuck Drills, 

Bench Centres and lathe Dogs. 

EMERY GRINDING MACHINERY 



OF EVKKY DESCRIPTION. 

All Sizes of Machines for running Solid Wheels — of 

Improved Desig?i a?id Superior Construction — 

Planer JTni/e Grinders and Saw (rummers. 

HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS, 

AND GENERAL HYDRAULIC MACHINERY. 

WOOD WOEK 

fPattern Making, Scroll Sawing, Wood Turning, Guilder's 
Finish and Brackets. 

SCHOOL APPARATUS 

2)rawi?ig Models, The Improved Adjustable Drawing 
Tables, Drawing 'Boards and T Squares. 

ALL THE IRON AND WOODEN 

APPARATUS FOR CHEMICAL LABORATORIES. 

Lamp Stands, Concentric Ring Stands, Test Tube Backs, Pepy's Gasometers. 

APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL LABORATORIES, 

Including the Willis System of Apparatus for the use of Lecturers and 

Experimenters in Mechanical Philosophy, Complete Working Machines 

illustrating the movements of the Link and Valve, C. II. Morgan's 

Machine showing the correct forms for Cams and their 

Movements. 

BEST FACILITIES FOR BOEYG FIRST-CEASS MACHINE WORK. 

ALL WORK MADE TO THE WHITWORTH STANDARD GAUGES. 




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PLAN OF THE SHOP. 



The plan of operations in the Shop is to make its products first 
class, in design, material and workmanship. 

The equipment consists of the machinery and tools, which the 
experience of the leading manufacturers of the country has proved 
to be the best adapted to the production of the better class of 
work. Our designs for Machinery have been made with reference 
to the following principles : 1st. Accuracy; 2nd. Durability and 
simplicity ; 3d, Convenience of operation ; 4th. Economy. 

To secure the first special care is taken to keep the tools in the 
best working condition. The work is done by the most improved 
methods, and the most important parts by the best workmen ; 
while all is under the supervision of experienced mechanics. 

Durability is secured by using the best material in forms which 
secure the greatest possible strength. 

Appropriate and graceful forms are considered desirable, but 
no unnecessary labor is bestowed on exterior ornamentation or 
finish. 

The cut on the opposite page represents the 16-Inch Engine 

Lathe. 

This Lathe, with 8-feet bed, complete, weighs about 1,500 
lbs., and is designed to excel in every feature. 

The Spindle is made of hardened cast steel, finished after it 
is hardened. The danger of springiug is thus avoided and the 
bearing portions are sure to be left perfectly round, smooth and 
hard. 

The BOX is made of a solid piece, ground to an exact form 
after being hardened. 

The Bearings are larger and longer than is customary, and 
conical shape, which enables them to be kept to an exact running 
fit without destroying the circular form of the box, as is the case 
when the box is put together in halves in the old way. 

The Tail StOCk stands on a broad base, and is held rigidly 
in position by a single turn with the right hand, without a wrench. 

The Belt Cone and Back Gearing are made broad and 
strong. 

The combination of the above points, with accurate workman- 
ship, renders this Lathe particularly adapted for doing the nicest 
jobs, and at the same time the most durable for the roughest work. 



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"The finest fitting and the best workmanship are expended up- 
on the headstock of the Lathe. Fi^. 4 is a sectional drawing of 
this part of the tool, as made at the Free Institute of Industrial 
Science, at Worcester, Mass. It represents the best of practice. 
It is 8 feet in length, 'swings,' i. e., it can turn a piece of the 
diameter of J 6 inches, and weighs 1,500 pounds. The spindle 
A, A, is of hardened cast steel, ground perfectly cylindrical, after 
having been hardened, to avoid danger of change of form in the 
process of hardening, to secure absolute truth in size and shape, 
and to obtain perfect smoothness and the desired hardness. The 
box, J3, carrying this spindle, is subjected to all the strain thrown 
upon the latter, whether by the weight of the piece or by the 
force exerted by the tool. Here it is made of a single piece of 
steel, fitted approximately to finished size, hardened, and finally 
ground to exact form and to fit. The spindle bearing, (7, C, 
where it turns in the box, is conical, and capable of adjustment 
longitudinally, to take up the looseness occasioned by the 
wear, which takes place even with hardened steel journals run- 
ning in hardened steel bearings. End-play is prevented by the 
nut, D, D, and the set screw, E, E, which hold the spindle 
snugly in a position such that it may turn freely without either 
side or end -play. The back end of the spindle is carried in the 
journal, F, its box being held by the cap-screw, G-, G. The cone- 
pulley, H, IT, turns loosely on the spindle when the back-gear is 
in action, and is clamped by the sliding- block, 1, and screw, «/", 
when the spindle and the cone are to move together, the cone 
driving the gear, K, K, directly, and the latter carrying the 
spindle, to which it is secured by keys. The pinion, X, X, on the 
cone-pulley, drives the back-gear. A spindle, M, M ? carried on 
the rear plate of the head-stock, JV, JV, carries the feed-cone 
pulley, 0. The belt-cone, H, H, and the back-gearing are given 
broad bearings." 




THE SPEED LATHE, 

9 INCS SWING, 4 FEJET BJEI>. 

Is made in the same thorough manner as the Engine Lathe, with 
hardened spindles running in conical shaped bearings. This 
plan ensures great beauty, and smoothness in running at high 
speed. 



The attachment for foot power and the Slide Rest are furnished 
with these Lathes if desired. Also, a Fixture for Screw Cutting 
and Gear Cutting for small work. Workmanship warranted. 



THE PATENT 



ADJUSTABLE STAND 



W 




PATENTED NOVEMBER 19, 1872. 



THIS 

IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE STAND 

is 

SUBSTANTIAL, ORNAMENTAL, CONVENIENT AND CHEAP, 

AND ITS TASTEFUL. APPEARANCE MAKES IT 

SUITABLE FOR THE OFFICE, LIBRARY OR SITTING-ROOM. 



It can be fixed at any required height, so one can use it either sitting 
or standing; and by turning back the screw at the right, it is allowed to 
rotate, bringing either side in front. The shelf or ledge for instruments 
is attached to the back side of the table, so that it is always level, 
whatever inclination is given to the desk. This is very convenient for 
the water-cups, ink-stands, etc. Fig. 2 shows the table fixed at a slight 
inclination, the dotted lines showing it horizontal at A or vertical at B. 
When the table is nearly vertical the whole occupies but little space, 
and forms a perfect easel. When used for this purpose a neat attach- 
ment, not shown in the cut, is furnished for holding the picture, and the 
adjustments are so simple that a mere touch is sufficient to effect an 
entire change in the light which falls upon the work. 

Under the instrument shelf, are provided two drawers for working 
materials. The table and drawers are made of black walnut or other 
appropriate wood, nicely finished. 

The tripod, hollow standard and sliding spindle are of cast iron, neatly 
painted and bronzed. The working parts are well finished and are very 
easily operated. The Stand complete weighs 55 pounds, and is suffi- 
ciently firm to support a drawing-board 44 inches square, without 
inconvenience. In the lowest position the table is 30 inches high, and 
may be elevated to 44 inches. 



PRICE LIST. 



IVo. 1. Suitable for School-rooms, Shops, etc., plain soft wood top, as shown in 

the Figure, 22 x 24 inches $8 00 

IVo. 3. Same as No. 1, with Instrument Shelf, 7 x 19 inches, 9 00 

IVo. ». Black Walnut Top, 22 x 26 inches ; Instrument Shelf, 7 x 26, . . . 10 00 

IVo. 4. Suitable for Counting-rooms, architects' offices, etc., black walnut top, 
22 x 26 inches; Instrument Shelf, 7 x 26 inches; two Instrument 

Drawers, mounted on castors, bronze paint 12 00 

No. 5. Same as No. 4, selected walnut top, polished, castings bronzed and orna- 
mented; suitable for home use, 15 00 

IVo. O. Engraving Stand, , 20 00 

Liberal Discounts when ordered in numbers, for Schools, etc. 



AMERICAN DRAWING MODELS, 



Common Schools. Drawing Classes and Schools of Art and Science. 



DESIGNED BY 



WALTER SMITH, Art Master. 



Professor of Art Education in the City of Boston Normal Art School, and State Director of 
Art Education for the State of Massachusetts. 



TRADE 




MARK. 



Secured under U. S. Patent Law, July 16, 1872. 



The increasing demand for Art Education, and its general adoption as a 
branch of common school instruction, by the Legislature of Massachusetts, has 
rendered it necessary that a supply of proper models with which to convey 
this instruction should be produced. Designs have been obtained from Mr. 
Walter Smith, Director of Art Education for the State of Massachusetts, from 
which we are now prepared to furnish complete sets of models. These are 
made from the best materials in a thorough manner; and by having exten- 
sively fitted-up special machinery, the work is produced with accuracy at a 
much less price than would be possible otherwise. Each model being made to 
dimensions, these sets are equally suited to all kinds of Free-Hand, Instru- 
mental and Perspective Drawing. 

Set No. 1 consists of the following pieces : — 

15. Cross. Six inches, made of seven- 
eighths inch stuf 



1. Sphere. Four inches diameter. 

2. Cone. Base four inches diameter, alti- 
tude eight inches. 

3. Cylinder. Base four inches, altitude 
eight inches. 

4. Cone, in Sections. Base four inches, al- 
titude eight inches. 

5. Cube. Side four inches. 

6. Oblong Block. Four inches square, 
length eight inches. 

7. Triangular Prism. Side of base, four 
inches, length of prism eight inches, base 
equilateral. 

8. Hexagonal Prism. Diagonal of base 
four inches, length of prism eight inches, base 
regular. 

9. Rectangular Pyramid. Side of base four 
inches, altitude eight inches. 

10. Hexagonal Pyramid. Diagonal of base 
four inches, altitude of pyramid eight inches. 

11. Square Block. Six inches square, two 
inches thick. 

12. Disk. Six inches diameter, two inches 
thick. 

13. Flight of four Steps. Onp inch rise, one 
and one half inches tread, width six inches. 

14. Double Cone. Altitude eight inches, 
diameter at junction of cones one inch, bases 
of cones four inches. 



16. Triangular Frame. Equilateral Trian- 
gle of six inches side, seven-eighths inch stuff. 

17. Square Frame. Six inches square, 
seven-eighths inch stuff. 

18. Pentagonal Frame. Outer Pentagon 
inscribed in a circle of six inches, seven- 
eighths inch stuff. 

19. Hexagonal Frame. Side of three inches, 
seven-eighths inch stuff. 

20. Circular Frame. Square in section, six 
inches diameter, suven-eighths inch stuff. 

21. Circular Ring. Circular in section, six 
inches diameter. 

22. Double Cross. Six inches, seven-eighths 
inch stuff. 

23. Skeleton Cube. Six inches side, seven- 
eighths inch stuff. 

24. Oblong trame. Twelve inches long, six 
inches square, seven- eighths inch stuff. 

25. Square Frame and Ring. Six inches 
square, seven-eighths inch stuff. Circle in- 
scribed. 

26. Hexagonal Disk. Two inches thick, six 
inches diagonal. 

27. 28, 29. Three Selected Vases. 

30. Adjustable Model Stand. Top and bot- 
tom eleven and one-half inches square. 



Set No. 2.— A box containing ten Wooden Vases, duplicated from the Greek 
originals. 

Set No. 3.— Four large Models for lectures and instruction to classes: 1. 
Cube, fifteen inches side. 2. Cone, with base 12 inches, altitude eighteen 
inches. 3. Cylinder, base twelve inches, altitude eighteen inches. 4. Hexago- 
nal Prism, base twelve inches, length twenty-lour inches. Price Lists gent upon 
application. 

Letters concerning the business of the Shop should be addressed 

M. P. HIGGINS, Supt., Worcester, Mass. 



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